{"id":6531,"date":"2020-08-31T08:59:27","date_gmt":"2020-08-31T08:59:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/?p=6531"},"modified":"2021-12-08T01:52:46","modified_gmt":"2021-12-08T01:52:46","slug":"tong-quan-ve-mang-ethernet-10-gigabit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/tong-hop\/tong-quan-ve-mang-ethernet-10-gigabit-p6531\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 m\u1ea1ng Ethernet 10 Gigabit"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>.iblink{color:#975!important;}.iblink:hover{color:orange!important;}<\/style><h3>T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Ethernet 10 Gigabit<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00f3 m\u1eb7t t\u1eeb h\u01a1n 25 n\u0103m qua, m\u1ea1ng Ethernet \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng cho c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch g\u00f3i. Do chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p, \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed th\u00e1ch trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m. Vi\u1ec7c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, n\u00ean Ethernet ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao, Ethernet \u0111\u00e3 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 th\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i k\u00e8m theo.<\/p>\n<p>IEEE 802.3ae* 2002 (chu\u1ea9n Ethernet 10 Gigabit) [1] kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n Ethernet tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean c\u00e1p s\u1ee3i quang v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 song c\u00f4ng to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n (fullduplex mode). V\u1edbi Ethernet 10 Gigabit, c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n xung \u0111\u1ed9t l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Hi\u1ec7n nay, Ethernet c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd cho \u0111\u1ebfn 10 Gbit\/s trong khi v\u1eabn b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh Ethernet c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng g\u00f3i tin v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng chuy\u1ec3n sang chu\u1ea9n m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<h3>Chu\u1ea9n Ethernet 10 Gigabit<\/h3>\n<p>Chu\u1ea9n Ethernet 10 Gigabit m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c chu\u1ea9n IEEE 802.3ae* l\u00ean t\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 10 Gbit\/s v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Ethernet nh\u01b0 bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch WAN. Chu\u1ea9n Ethernet 10 Gigabit cho ph\u00e9p t\u0103ng b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong khi v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch t\u1ed1i \u01b0u v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n chu\u1ea9n 802.3, b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111ang t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<p>D\u01b0\u1edbi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh OSI (Open Systems Interconnection), v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n Ethernet n\u1eb1m \u1edf giao th\u1ee9c l\u1edbp 1 v\u00e0 l\u1edbp 2. Ethernet 10 Gigabit v\u1eabn gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac Ethernet c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, bao g\u1ed3m giao th\u1ee9c MAC [2], \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng khung Ethernet v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u1ee7a khung. \u0110\u00fang nh\u01b0 Ethernet Gigabit, 1000BASE-X [1] v\u00e0 1000BASE-T [1], ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Ethernet chu\u1ea9n, Ethernet 10 Gigabit ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Ethernet v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch, trong khi v\u1eabn gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac Ethernet \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 Ethernet kh\u00e1c. T\u1eeb khi Ethernet 10 Gigabit l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ea1y full-duplex (song c\u00f4ng to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n), n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn giao th\u1ee9c CSMA\/CD [3] \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Ethernet tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 (\u1edf m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i kh\u00eda c\u1ea1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, Ethernet 10 Gigabit t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Ethernet nguy\u00ean thu\u1ef7).<\/p>\n<p><i><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/tgmc-blog-5f4cbbf53ea93.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><br \/>\nH\u00ecnh 1 C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a chu\u1ea9n 802.3ae*<\/i><\/p>\n<p>T\u1ea1i l\u1edbp v\u1eadt l\u00fd (l\u1edbp 1 c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh OSI), m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u1edbp v\u1eadt l\u00fd Ethernet (PHY) k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1p quang hay c\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi l\u1edbp MAC [2] th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 gh\u00e9p n\u1ed1i (xem H\u00ecnh 1). Ngo\u00e0i ra, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac Ethernet chia l\u1edbp v\u1eadt l\u00fd th\u00e0nh ba l\u1edbp con l\u00e0 PMD (Physical Medium Dependent), PMA (Physical Medium Attachment) v\u00e0 PCS (Physical Coding Sublayer). C\u00e1c PMD cung c\u1ea5p k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n; v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u00e1c m\u00e1y thu ph\u00e1t quang (optical transceiver) l\u00e0 c\u00e1c PMD. PCS bao g\u1ed3m m\u00e3 ho\u00e1 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 64B\/66B) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t serializer<i>\u00a0<\/i>hay multiplexor (b\u1ed9 d\u1ed3n k\u00eanh). Chu\u1ea9n IEEE 802.3ae* \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a hai ki\u1ec3u PHY: PHY LAN v\u00e0 PHY WAN. Ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p c\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb PHY WAN c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng trong PCS cho ph\u00e9p k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<h3>Th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng Ethernet 10 Gigabit<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Ethernet hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t cho c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng LAN t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao. C\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u00e1p, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c kho\u00e1 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o chuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 Ethernet. Ngo\u00e0i ra, s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Ethernet \u1edf kh\u1eafp m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1eef cho gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u1edf m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i s\u1ef1 tri\u1ec3n khai c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Ethernet th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp theo, c\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed cho tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1ea3m. Trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng ng\u00e0y nay, s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111ang \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ea1ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p ch\u00fa \u00fd h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng. Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i Ethernet 10 Gigabit c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 nhanh g\u1ea5p 10 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi Ethernet Gigabit. V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung Ethernet 10 Gigabit v\u00e0o h\u1ecd c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Ethernet, m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng LAN b\u00e2y gi\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch xa h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng h\u01a1n. Ethernet 10 Gigabit c\u0169ng l\u00e0m tho\u1ea3 m\u00e3n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed v\u1ec1 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng Ethernet hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i:<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng Ethernet hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u1edbi Ethernet 10 Gigabit. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi cung c\u1ea5p gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh th\u1ea5p bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c thu l\u1eddi v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00e1 so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c qui tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd, c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 Ethernet 10 Gigabit cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd quen thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t trong vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ea1ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n<p>Nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f9ng nhau \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed th\u00e1ch trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n<p>Trong khi Ethernet 10 Gigabit \u0111ang th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u1ec3n giao c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng Ethernet 10 Gigabit, b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo cho c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng multi-gigabit v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 th\u00f4ng minh, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p, th\u00f4ng minh, multi-gigabit v\u1edbi c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 trong ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111\u1ebfn 10 Gbit\/s. H\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean Ethernet tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. V\u00e0 trong khi TCP\/IP h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e2ng cao, nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i, Ethernet c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u0169ng mang theo c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n<p>Chu\u1ea9n Ethernet 10 Gigabit kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Ethernet l\u00ean 10 Gbit\/s, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 40 km. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 Ethernet Gigabit, chu\u1ea9n Ethernet 10 Gigabit (IEEE 802.3ae*) h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea3 hai m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n c\u00e1p s\u1ee3i quang l\u00e0 \u201csinglemode\u201d [4] v\u00e0 \u201cmultimode\u201d[4]. Tuy v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ec3 cho 10 Gigabit, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch cho c\u00e1p quang \u201csingle-mode\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 5 km trong Ethernet Gigabit l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 40 km trong Ethernet 10 Gigabit. L\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch m\u1edbi cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd LAN c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 40 km t\u00ednh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c campus (khu tr\u01b0\u1eddng) c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u campus h\u01a1n trong ph\u1ea1m vi 40 km.<\/p>\n<h3>C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng cho Ethernet 10 Gigabit<\/h3>\n<p><b><\/b>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec1u cho r\u1eb1ng chi ph\u00ed cho Ethernet l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eaft, hi\u1ec3u r\u1ed9ng ra c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng LAN hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. Ng\u00e0y nay m\u1ed9t g\u00f3i tin khi r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u1ed5ng Ethernet Gigabit, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n \u0111i trong ph\u1ea1m vi qu\u1ed1c gia qua m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng DWDM (Dense-Wave Division Multiplexing)[5] v\u00e0 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t PC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t c\u1ed5ng c\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed3ng Gigabit, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i l\u1ea1i hay chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i giao th\u1ee9c. Ethernet theo ngh\u0129a \u0111en c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a \u1edf kh\u1eafp m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i v\u00e0 Ethernet 10 Gigabit duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n giao li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng cho b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0o m\u00e0 Ethernet \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o.<\/p>\n<p>Ethernet 10 Gigabit \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 (server area network) hay c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng v\u00f9ng l\u01b0u gi\u1eef (<a class=\"iblink\" href=\"\/storage\/san\/\">storage area network<\/a>), theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nh\u1ecf khi so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi Ethernet. C\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng v\u00f9ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 n\u00e0y cho m\u1ed9t b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng ph\u1ea1m vi nh\u1ecf (th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 20 m). Tuy v\u1eady, ch\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u1ea1ng gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. M\u1ea1ng dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf c\u0169ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn chi ph\u00ed cao h\u01a1n cho c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ti\u1ebfp h\u1ee3p m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch. Nh\u01b0 v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0o, ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<p>Trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng v\u00f9ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f9ng nhau g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi tri\u1ec3n khai Fibre Channel ban \u0111\u1ea7u. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng v\u00f9ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n do thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, Ethernet 10 Gigabit \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng v\u00f9ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u1edbi nhau do m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i l\u00fd do:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ethernet 10 Gigabit cho m\u1ed9t b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u00e9t ki\u1ec7m gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh.<br \/>\n&#8211; S\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1ea1ng 10 Gigabit.<\/p>\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 TOE (TCP\/IP Offload Engine) [6] \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i trong c\u00e1c adapter Ethernet 10 Gigabit c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng CPU mong mu\u1ed1n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y tr\u00ean c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi \u0111ang tri\u1ec3n khai Ethernet Gigabit. Do t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 tho\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn trong ph\u1ea1m vi r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Ethernet, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 TOE s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh khi so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<h3>10 Gigabit Ethernet cho c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 (LAN)<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Ethernet lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t cho c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng LAN t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao. V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng Ethernet 10 Gigabit trong h\u1ecd c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Ethernet, c\u00e1c LAN c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n khi t\u0103ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u201c\u0111\u00f3i b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng\u201d v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch xa h\u01a1n. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 Ethernet Gigabit, chu\u1ea9n 10 Gigabit h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n quang \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u201csingle-mode\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cmultimode\u201d[4].<\/p>\n<p>V\u1edbi c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 40 km, Ethernet 10 Gigabit cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng LAN c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed cho trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c khu m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 (server farm) \u2013 trong ph\u1ea1m vi 40 km t\u00ednh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c campus c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u khu tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01a1n trong ph\u1ea1m vi n\u00e0y (H\u00ecnh 2). B\u00ean trong c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u201cswitch-to-switch\u201d c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u201cswitch-to-server\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai nh\u1edd m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n quang sinh l\u00e3i \u201cmulti-mode\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng Ethernet 10 Gigabit h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1eafc l\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u201c\u0111\u00f3i b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng\u201d.<\/p>\n<p><i><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/tgmc-blog-5f4cbbf591957.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><br \/>\nH\u00ecnh 2. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Ethernet 10 Gigabit (10 GbE) trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng LAN m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>V\u1edbi x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng 10 Gigabit, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i Ethernet Gigabit trong c\u00e1c m\u00e1y tr\u1ea1m v\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng, cho ph\u00e9p th\u1ef1c thi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng. Ethernet 10 Gigabit c\u0169ng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 cho m\u1ea1ng, do t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a li\u00ean k\u1ebft cung c\u1ea5p qu\u00e1 b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f9 v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p. B\u0103ng th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ee5c 10 Gigabit c\u0169ng t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp sau c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u1ea1ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n . N\u00f3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb t\u1eeb xa, truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh, h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh s\u1ed1 &#8230; s\u1ebd thay th\u1ebf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u1eeb xa trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. V\u00e0 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 HDTV (high definition television), video-ondemand hay tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i tr\u00ean Internet.<\/p>\n<p>Ethernet 10 Gigabit cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea3m t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 cho ra nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh mang t\u00ednh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu do s\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ng LAN c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong ph\u1ea1m vi 40 km.<\/p>\n<h3>Ethernet 10 Gigabit cho c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb (MAN) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng l\u01b0u gi\u1eef<\/h3>\n<p>Ethernet Gigabit \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng cho c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb \u201cdark fiber\u201d [7]. V\u1edbi c\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n Ethernet 10 Gigabit th\u00edch h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y thu ph\u00e1t v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn quang v\u00e0 c\u00e1p s\u1ee3i quang \u201csinglemode\u201d, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 Internet c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft r\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi 40 km hay h\u01a1n (H\u00ecnh 3) bao quanh c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng tr\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1.<\/p>\n<p>Ethernet 10 Gigabit hi\u1ec7n cho ph\u00e9p c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao, sinh l\u1eddi cho c\u1ea3 NAS (<a class=\"iblink\" href=\"\/storage\/nas\/\">network attached storage<\/a>) v\u00e0 SAN (storage area networks). C\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 l\u01b0u gi\u1eef Ethernet Gigabit, c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n b\u0103ng (tape) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n lu\u00f4n \u1edf t\u01b0 th\u1ebf s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng; c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec3m cu\u1ed1i Ethernet 10 Gigabit ch\u1eb3ng bao l\u00e2u n\u1eefa s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/tgmc-blog-5f4cbbf5bc23f.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/quantrimang.com\/images\/ethernet03.gif\" alt=\"\" border=\"0\" hspace=\"0\" data-src=\"images\/ethernet03.gif\" data-was-processed=\"true\" data-i=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n<i>H\u00ecnh 3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Ethernet 10 Gigabit (10GbE) trong m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng MAN.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng cho Ethernet Gigabit ng\u00e0y nay nh\u01b0 back-up v\u00e0 database<i>\u00a0<\/i>mining. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Ethernet 10 Gigabit l\u00e0 Business continuance\/disaster recovery, Remote back-up, Storage on demand v\u00e0 Streaming media.<\/p>\n<h3>Ethernet 10 Gigabit trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng WAN<\/h3>\n<p>Ethernet 10 Gigabit cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c ISP (Internet service provider) v\u00e0 NSP (network service provider) t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t cao v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p t\u1eeb c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn trong ph\u1ea1m vi c\u00f4ng ty cho \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb quang \u201cg\u00e1n\u201d tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o SONET\/SDH [8]. Ethernet 10 Gigabit v\u1edbi PHY WAN c\u0169ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00e1c WAN k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd v\u1edbi c\u00e1c LAN ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c khu tr\u01b0\u1eddng (campus) hay c\u00e1c POP (points of presence) th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng SONET\/SDH\/TDM [8] hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft Ethernet 10 Gigabit gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb DWDM (Dense-Wave Division Multiplexing)[5] hay LTE (line termination equipment)[9] trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n (&lt; 300 m\u00e9t).<\/p>\n<h3>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1p s\u1ee3i quang trong Ethernet 10 Gigabit<\/h3>\n<p><strong>C\u00e1c thi\u00eat b\u1ecb PMD (Physical-Media-Dependent)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Chu\u1ea9n IEEE 802.3ae* cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp v\u1eadt l\u00fd (physical layer) h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1p s\u1ee3i quang. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch, b\u1ed1n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb PMD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; M\u1ed9t PMD serial 1310 nm h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1p quang \u201csingle-mode\u201d v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i \u0111a 10 km<br \/>\n&#8211; M\u1ed9t PMD serial 1550 nm h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1p quang \u201csingle-mode\u201d v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i \u0111a 40 km.<br \/>\n&#8211; M\u1ed9t PMD serial 850 nm h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1p quang \u201cmultimode\u201d v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i \u0111a 300 m.<br \/>\n&#8211; M\u1ed9t PMD WWDM[13] 1310 nm h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i \u0111a 10 km cho c\u00e1p s\u1ee3i quang \u201csingle-mode\u201d c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i \u0111a 300 m cho c\u00e1p s\u1ee3i quang \u201cmultimode\u201d.<\/p>\n<p><b>C\u00e1p s\u1ee3i quang<\/b><\/p>\n<p>C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1p s\u1ee3i quang, c\u00e1p s\u1ee3i quang \u201cmultimode\u201d v\u00e0 \u201csinglemode\u201d, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi trong k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Ethernet 10 Gigabit, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a trong chu\u1ea9n IEEE 802.3ae*, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea3 hai ki\u1ec3u c\u00e1p s\u1ee3i quang n\u00e0y. Tuy v\u1eady, c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 tu\u1ef3 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u c\u00e1p s\u1ee3i quang v\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng (nm) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c thi trong \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. Trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1p s\u1ee3i quang \u201csingle-mode\u201d, chu\u1ea9n IEEE 802.3ae h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 10 km v\u1edbi ki\u1ec3u truy\u1ec1n 1310 nm v\u00e0 40 km v\u1edbi ki\u1ec3u truy\u1ec1n 1550 nm. V\u1edbi c\u00e1p s\u1ee3i quang \u201cmultimode\u201d, c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh do t\u00ednh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u c\u00e1p s\u1ee3i quang v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u1ed7i ki\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. C\u00e1p s\u1ee3i quang \u201cmultimode\u201d th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi l\u00f5i (core)[15] v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp s\u01a1n ph\u1ee7 (cladding)[14]. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, c\u00e1p s\u1ee3i quang v\u1edbi l\u00f5i 62.5 micron v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1edbp s\u01a1n ph\u1ee7 125 micron thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1p s\u1ee3i quang 62.5\/125. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch trong c\u00e1p s\u1ee3i quang \u201cmultimode\u201d l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin mang dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o b\u1eb1ng MHz-km) x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111o b\u1eb1ng bit t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 1 Gbit\/s hay 10 Gbit\/s). Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3m \u0111i trong khi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n t\u0103ng l\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p>Khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1p s\u1ee3i quang \u201cmultimode\u201d cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Ethernet 10 Gigabit, s\u1ef1 am hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u1ec1 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng cho c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p Ethernet 10 Gigabit.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><a href=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/thiet-bi-mang\/networking-adapter\/?search=10G\">C\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n m\u1ea1ng 10 Giagbit<\/a> t\u1ea1i Th\u1ebf Gi\u1edbi M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3>T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a Ethernet 10 Gigabit<\/h3>\n<p>IEEE 802.3* m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp hai nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Ethernet 10 Gigabit cho c\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed3ng. Nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u 10GBASE-CX4 \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t chu\u1ea9n cho truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u XAUI (X-Attachment Unit Interface, X ch\u1ec9 10 Gbit\/s) qua m\u1ed9t c\u00e1p twinax 4 \u0111\u00f4i. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t chu\u1ea9n cho m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p trong n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 \u201crack\u201d (gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3) v\u00e0 \u201crack-to-rack\u201d. Hi v\u1ecdng trong v\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t n\u0103m chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. Nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u 10GBASE-T c\u0169ng \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t chu\u1ea9n cho truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn Ethernet 10 Gigabit th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t Category 5 hay t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed3ng UTP (unshielded twisted pair) c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch 100 m. Th\u1eddi gian cho vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i h\u01a1n vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n 10GBASE-CX4 v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh trong cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 2005 hay \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2006.<\/p>\n<h3>L\u1eddi k\u1ebft<\/h3>\n<p>Ethernet \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua th\u1eed th\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 theo \u0111u\u1ed5i c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady vi\u1ec7c cho ph\u00e9p ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 sinh l\u1eddi, trong khi v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao. Chu\u1ea9n Ethernet 10 Gigabit IEEE 802.3ae* \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc cho nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<p>Ethernet 10 Gigabit l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a chu\u1ea9n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i IEEE 802.3* v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch. Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n cho c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p, n\u00f3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 kinh qua th\u1eed th\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Ethernet v\u00e0 mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn cho c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb (MAN) v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng (WAN).<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u Ethernet \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c trong c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng chia x\u1ebb c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 Ethernet quang. Ethernet 10 Gigabit \u0111ang trong l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quang v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb nh\u1eb1m:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Sinh l\u00e3i, k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ee9c Gigabit gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb truy nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c POP c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng Ethernet v\u1ed1n c\u00f3.<br \/>\n&#8211; Truy nh\u1eadp \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0o c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng m\u1ea1ng c\u00e1p quang v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb.<br \/>\n&#8211; Li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u00e1c khu tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf m\u1ea1ng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb th\u00f4ng qua c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng \u201cdark fiber\u201d [7], nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb 10 \u0111\u1ebfn 40 km.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng c\u00e1p quang \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><b><i>Ch\u00fa th\u00edch<br \/>\n<\/i><\/b><i><br \/>\n[1] 802.3ae \u2013 Chu\u1ea9n IEEE cho Ethernet 10 Gigabit, 802.3ab \u2013 Chu\u1ea9n IEEE cho Ethernet Gigabit UTP (1000BASE-T), 802.3z \u2013 Chu\u1ea9n IEEE cho Ethernet Gigabit (1000BASE-X).<\/i><\/p>\n<p><em>[2] MAC (Media Access Control) \u2013 L\u1edbp con \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n truy nh\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i logic gi\u01b0a c\u00e1c client MAC c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n n\u00f3 v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1m ngang h\u00e0ng. Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o, \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u1ea1m ngang h\u00e0ng. L\u1edbp MAC (MAC layer) c\u1ee7a giao th\u1ee9c 10 Gigabit s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 Ethernet v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng khung nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 s\u1ebd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 full-duplex. N\u00f3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 10 Gbit\/s c\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u201cpacing\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00edch nghi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t PHY ki\u1ec3u WAN.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>[3] CSMA\/CD (carrier-sensing multiple-access with collision detection) : \u0110a truy nh\u1eadp b\u1eb1ng s\u00f3ng mang v\u1edbi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n xung \u0111\u1ed9t. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n xung \u0111\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a Ethernet khi ph\u00e1t c\u00e1c g\u00f3i tin.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>[4]\u201csinglemode\u201d &amp; \u201cmultimode\u201d: Trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00e1p quang, c\u00e1p s\u1ee3i quang \u201csingle-mode\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n m\u1ed9t tia s\u00e1ng \u0111\u01a1n hay ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u00f3ng mang v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho truy\u1ec1n t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch xa (ngu\u1ed3n s\u00e1ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lu\u1ed3ng s\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o b\u1edfi \u0111\u00e8n la-de). Cho kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch g\u1ea7n, c\u00e1p s\u1ee3i quang \u201cmulti-mode\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. C\u00e1p s\u1ee3i quang \u201cmulti-mode\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec1u tia s\u00e1ng hay nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, m\u00e0 m\u1ed7i tia (hay ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9) v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 kh\u00e1c nhau kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 b\u00ean trong l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i quang (ngu\u1ed3n s\u00e1ng l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u tia s\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o b\u1edfi \u0111\u00e8n LED). C\u00e1p s\u1ee3i quang \u201cmulti-mode\u201d c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u00f5i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n c\u00e1p s\u1ee3i quang \u201csingle-mode\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>[5] DWDM (Dense-Wave Division Multiplexing) : L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u201cs\u1eafp x\u1ebfp\u201d d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0o c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nhau t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c nhau tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00e1p s\u1ee3i quang v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00ean b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng DWDM, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn 80 (v\u1ec1 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n) b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng kh\u00e1c nhau hay k\u00eanh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ed3n v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng (lightstream) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00e1p s\u1ee3i quang. M\u1ed7i k\u00eanh mang m\u1ed9t t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u TDM (time division multiplexed). DWDM c\u0169ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 WDM (wave division multiplexing). DWDM h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 &#8220;fiber exhaust&#8221; (c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t ngu\u1ed3n s\u00e1ng) v\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng c\u00e1p quang trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>[6] TOE (TCP\/IP Offload Engine) : L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111ang gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Ethernet t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u1ed1i \u01b0u ho\u00e1 th\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a TOE \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch nh\u01b0 NIC (network interface card) hay HBA (host bus adapter).<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>[7]\u201cDark fiber\u201d \u2013 M\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u00e1p s\u1ee3i quang (bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u1eb7p t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u repeater) hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. C\u00e1p s\u1ee3i quang v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n th\u00f4ng tin d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c xung \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y &#8220;dark&#8221; c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a \u2018kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 xung \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi \u0111i\u2019. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec7n \u00edch cho vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1p s\u1ee3i quang t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i qua v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch cho thu\u00ea c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh c\u00e1p hay s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1edbi nhau. \u0110\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t n\u00e0y ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u00f9ng t\u1eeb \u201cdark\u201d. D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 &#8220;Dark fiber&#8221; l\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p b\u1edfi c\u00e1c LEC (local exchange carrier) \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy\u1ec1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1p s\u1ee3i quang gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed thu\u00ea bao.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>[8]SONET\/SDH\/TDM: Synchronous Optical Network\/Synchronous Digital Hierarchy\/ Time Division Multiplexing. SONET l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a American National Standards Institute \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 tr\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1p s\u1ee3i quang. T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi SONET v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 SDH (synchronous digital hierarchy). C\u00f9ng nhau, ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n sao cho c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau tr\u00ean b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n quy \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1p s\u1ee3i quang. SONET cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u00e1c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n cho \u0111\u1ebfn 9.953 Gbit\/s (t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 20 Gbit\/s). SONET \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u1ed9t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1 s\u1edf l\u00e0 51.84 Mbit\/s v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00ean Ocx (Optical Carrier levels).&#8221; Trong \u0111\u00f3 OC-192 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a SONET n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea3i (payload rate) b\u1eb1ng 9.584640 Gbit\/s, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng WAN.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>[9] LTE (Line Termination Equipment)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>[10] MMF (Multimode Fiber), SMF (Single-mode Fiber)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>[11] WDM ( Wavelength Division Multiplexing)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>[12] WIS (WAN Interface Sublayer)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>[13] WWDM (Wide-Wavelength Division Multiplexing) : M\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u00e1c m\u00e0u c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng) t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n la-de \u0111i qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ee3i quang. M\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n la-de s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00edch c\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eedi m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng quang duy nh\u1ea5t.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>[14] Cladding (l\u1edbp s\u01a1n ph\u1ee7) : Ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u bao quanh core (l\u00f5i) c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ee3i quang. \u201ccladding\u201d c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kh\u00fac x\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n (t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 nhanh h\u01a1n) ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kh\u00fac x\u1ea1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng trong core. cladding v\u00e0 core t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn s\u00f3ng quang.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>[15] Core (l\u00f5i) : L\u00f5i trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1p s\u1ee3i quang m\u00e0 qua \u0111\u00f3 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n \u0111i. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kh\u00fac x\u1ea1 cao h\u01a1n (t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n) ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kh\u00fac x\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp s\u01a1n ph\u1ee7 (cladding) bao quanh n\u00f3.<\/em><\/p>\n<div>____<br \/><b>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft li\u00ean quan<\/b><\/div>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/?post_type=post&#038;p=22819\">QNAP QSW-L3205-1C4T: Switch Lite-Managed b\u1ee9t ph\u00e1 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ea1ng 20Gbps<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/?post_type=post&#038;p=22591\">NVIDIA NVLink Fusion: T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a Trung t\u00e2m D\u1eef li\u1ec7u AI<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/?post_type=post&#038;p=22540\">NVIDIA ConnectX-8 SuperNIC &#8211; N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng switch si\u00eau t\u1ed1c cho c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 MGX c\u00f3 8x GPU PCIe<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/?post_type=post&#038;p=22501\">NVIDIA ConnectX-8 SuperNIC: \u0110\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng AI v\u1edbi PCIe Gen6<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/?post_type=post&#038;p=22443\">H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh chi ti\u1ebft t\u1eebng l\u1ec7nh cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb switch Spectrum c\u1ee7a NVIDIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/?post_type=post&#038;p=21668\">T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a NVIDIA: N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho HPC v\u00e0 AI<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T&#7893;ng quan v&#7873; c&ocirc;ng ngh&#7879; Ethernet 10 Gigabit C&oacute; m&#7863;t t&#7915; h&#417;n 25 n&#259;m qua, m&#7841;ng Ethernet &#273;&atilde; &#273;&aacute;p &#7913;ng nhu c&#7847;u ng&agrave;y c&agrave;ng t&#259;ng cho c&aacute;c m&#7841;ng chuy&#7875;n m&#7841;ch g&oacute;i. Do chi ph&iacute; th&#7845;p, &#273;&#7897; tin c&#7853;y &#273;&atilde; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7917; th&aacute;ch trong nhi&#7873;u n&#259;m. Vi&#7879;c c&agrave;i &#273;&#7863;t v&agrave; b&#7843;o tr&igrave; c&#361;ng t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#7889;i &#273;&#417;n&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":6533,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[431,1363,682],"class_list":["post-6531","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tong-hop","tag-ethernet","tag-high-performance-networking","tag-network"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 m\u1ea1ng Ethernet 10 Gigabit - Blog | TheGioiMayChu<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/tong-hop\/tong-quan-ve-mang-ethernet-10-gigabit-p6531\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 m\u1ea1ng Ethernet 10 Gigabit - Blog | TheGioiMayChu\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"T&#7893;ng quan v&#7873; c&ocirc;ng ngh&#7879; Ethernet 10 Gigabit C&oacute; m&#7863;t t&#7915; h&#417;n 25 n&#259;m qua, m&#7841;ng Ethernet &#273;&atilde; &#273;&aacute;p &#7913;ng nhu c&#7847;u ng&agrave;y c&agrave;ng t&#259;ng cho c&aacute;c m&#7841;ng chuy&#7875;n m&#7841;ch g&oacute;i. Do chi ph&iacute; th&#7845;p, &#273;&#7897; tin c&#7853;y &#273;&atilde; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7917; th&aacute;ch trong nhi&#7873;u n&#259;m. Vi&#7879;c c&agrave;i &#273;&#7863;t v&agrave; b&#7843;o tr&igrave; c&#361;ng t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#7889;i &#273;&#417;n...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/TheGioiMayChu-Blog-10gbps-gigabit-ethernet-network.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Vanito Hoang\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"33 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegioimaychu.vn\\\/blog\\\/tong-hop\\\/tong-quan-ve-mang-ethernet-10-gigabit-p6531\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegioimaychu.vn\\\/blog\\\/tong-hop\\\/tong-quan-ve-mang-ethernet-10-gigabit-p6531\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Vanito Hoang\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegioimaychu.vn\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/feccec179330cfebfaa805639a357d18\"},\"headline\":\"T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 m\u1ea1ng Ethernet 10 Gigabit\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-08-31T08:59:27+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-12-08T01:52:46+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegioimaychu.vn\\\/blog\\\/tong-hop\\\/tong-quan-ve-mang-ethernet-10-gigabit-p6531\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":6603,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegioimaychu.vn\\\/blog\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegioimaychu.vn\\\/blog\\\/tong-hop\\\/tong-quan-ve-mang-ethernet-10-gigabit-p6531\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegioimaychu.vn\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/08\\\/TheGioiMayChu-Blog-10gbps-gigabit-ethernet-network.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"ethernet\",\"high performance networking\",\"network\"],\"articleSection\":[\"T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegioimaychu.vn\\\/blog\\\/tong-hop\\\/tong-quan-ve-mang-ethernet-10-gigabit-p6531\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegioimaychu.vn\\\/blog\\\/tong-hop\\\/tong-quan-ve-mang-ethernet-10-gigabit-p6531\\\/\",\"name\":\"T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 m\u1ea1ng Ethernet 10 Gigabit - Blog | TheGioiMayChu\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegioimaychu.vn\\\/blog\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegioimaychu.vn\\\/blog\\\/tong-hop\\\/tong-quan-ve-mang-ethernet-10-gigabit-p6531\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegioimaychu.vn\\\/blog\\\/tong-hop\\\/tong-quan-ve-mang-ethernet-10-gigabit-p6531\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegioimaychu.vn\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/08\\\/TheGioiMayChu-Blog-10gbps-gigabit-ethernet-network.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-08-31T08:59:27+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-12-08T01:52:46+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegioimaychu.vn\\\/blog\\\/tong-hop\\\/tong-quan-ve-mang-ethernet-10-gigabit-p6531\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/thegioimaychu.vn\\\/blog\\\/tong-hop\\\/tong-quan-ve-mang-ethernet-10-gigabit-p6531\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegioimaychu.vn\\\/blog\\\/tong-hop\\\/tong-quan-ve-mang-ethernet-10-gigabit-p6531\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegioimaychu.vn\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/08\\\/TheGioiMayChu-Blog-10gbps-gigabit-ethernet-network.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegioimaychu.vn\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/08\\\/TheGioiMayChu-Blog-10gbps-gigabit-ethernet-network.jpg\",\"width\":864,\"height\":490},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegioimaychu.vn\\\/blog\\\/tong-hop\\\/tong-quan-ve-mang-ethernet-10-gigabit-p6531\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Trang ch\u1ee7\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegioimaychu.vn\\\/blog\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegioimaychu.vn\\\/blog\\\/.\\\/tong-hop\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 m\u1ea1ng Ethernet 10 Gigabit\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegioimaychu.vn\\\/blog\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegioimaychu.vn\\\/blog\\\/\",\"name\":\"Blog | TheGioiMayChu\",\"description\":\"C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegioimaychu.vn\\\/blog\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegioimaychu.vn\\\/blog\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegioimaychu.vn\\\/blog\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Blog | TheGioiMayChu\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegioimaychu.vn\\\/blog\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegioimaychu.vn\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegioimaychu.vn\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2018\\\/08\\\/cropped-ntcnlog-logo-2.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegioimaychu.vn\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2018\\\/08\\\/cropped-ntcnlog-logo-2.png\",\"width\":500,\"height\":73,\"caption\":\"Blog | TheGioiMayChu\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegioimaychu.vn\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/thegioimaychu\\\/\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegioimaychu.vn\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/feccec179330cfebfaa805639a357d18\",\"name\":\"Vanito Hoang\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/e8187f37f72d74f9380a1367c8c530debee44f226a3301f0765c68f7cc1f3fa4?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/e8187f37f72d74f9380a1367c8c530debee44f226a3301f0765c68f7cc1f3fa4?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/e8187f37f72d74f9380a1367c8c530debee44f226a3301f0765c68f7cc1f3fa4?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Vanito Hoang\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegioimaychu.vn\\\/blog\\\/author\\\/vanito\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 m\u1ea1ng Ethernet 10 Gigabit - Blog | TheGioiMayChu","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/tong-hop\/tong-quan-ve-mang-ethernet-10-gigabit-p6531\/","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_title":"T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 m\u1ea1ng Ethernet 10 Gigabit - Blog | TheGioiMayChu","twitter_description":"T&#7893;ng quan v&#7873; c&ocirc;ng ngh&#7879; Ethernet 10 Gigabit C&oacute; m&#7863;t t&#7915; h&#417;n 25 n&#259;m qua, m&#7841;ng Ethernet &#273;&atilde; &#273;&aacute;p &#7913;ng nhu c&#7847;u ng&agrave;y c&agrave;ng t&#259;ng cho c&aacute;c m&#7841;ng chuy&#7875;n m&#7841;ch g&oacute;i. Do chi ph&iacute; th&#7845;p, &#273;&#7897; tin c&#7853;y &#273;&atilde; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7917; th&aacute;ch trong nhi&#7873;u n&#259;m. Vi&#7879;c c&agrave;i &#273;&#7863;t v&agrave; b&#7843;o tr&igrave; c&#361;ng t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#7889;i &#273;&#417;n...","twitter_image":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/TheGioiMayChu-Blog-10gbps-gigabit-ethernet-network.jpg","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Vanito Hoang","Est. reading time":"33 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/tong-hop\/tong-quan-ve-mang-ethernet-10-gigabit-p6531\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/tong-hop\/tong-quan-ve-mang-ethernet-10-gigabit-p6531\/"},"author":{"name":"Vanito Hoang","@id":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/feccec179330cfebfaa805639a357d18"},"headline":"T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 m\u1ea1ng Ethernet 10 Gigabit","datePublished":"2020-08-31T08:59:27+00:00","dateModified":"2021-12-08T01:52:46+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/tong-hop\/tong-quan-ve-mang-ethernet-10-gigabit-p6531\/"},"wordCount":6603,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/tong-hop\/tong-quan-ve-mang-ethernet-10-gigabit-p6531\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/TheGioiMayChu-Blog-10gbps-gigabit-ethernet-network.jpg","keywords":["ethernet","high performance networking","network"],"articleSection":["T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/tong-hop\/tong-quan-ve-mang-ethernet-10-gigabit-p6531\/","url":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/tong-hop\/tong-quan-ve-mang-ethernet-10-gigabit-p6531\/","name":"T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 m\u1ea1ng Ethernet 10 Gigabit - Blog | TheGioiMayChu","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/tong-hop\/tong-quan-ve-mang-ethernet-10-gigabit-p6531\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/tong-hop\/tong-quan-ve-mang-ethernet-10-gigabit-p6531\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/TheGioiMayChu-Blog-10gbps-gigabit-ethernet-network.jpg","datePublished":"2020-08-31T08:59:27+00:00","dateModified":"2021-12-08T01:52:46+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/tong-hop\/tong-quan-ve-mang-ethernet-10-gigabit-p6531\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/tong-hop\/tong-quan-ve-mang-ethernet-10-gigabit-p6531\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/tong-hop\/tong-quan-ve-mang-ethernet-10-gigabit-p6531\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/TheGioiMayChu-Blog-10gbps-gigabit-ethernet-network.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/TheGioiMayChu-Blog-10gbps-gigabit-ethernet-network.jpg","width":864,"height":490},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/tong-hop\/tong-quan-ve-mang-ethernet-10-gigabit-p6531\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Trang ch\u1ee7","item":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p","item":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/.\/tong-hop\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 m\u1ea1ng Ethernet 10 Gigabit"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/#website","url":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/","name":"Blog | TheGioiMayChu","description":"C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/#organization","name":"Blog | TheGioiMayChu","url":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/cropped-ntcnlog-logo-2.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/cropped-ntcnlog-logo-2.png","width":500,"height":73,"caption":"Blog | TheGioiMayChu"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/thegioimaychu\/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/feccec179330cfebfaa805639a357d18","name":"Vanito Hoang","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/e8187f37f72d74f9380a1367c8c530debee44f226a3301f0765c68f7cc1f3fa4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/e8187f37f72d74f9380a1367c8c530debee44f226a3301f0765c68f7cc1f3fa4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/e8187f37f72d74f9380a1367c8c530debee44f226a3301f0765c68f7cc1f3fa4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Vanito Hoang"},"url":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/author\/vanito\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6531","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6531"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6531\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10917,"href":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6531\/revisions\/10917"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6533"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6531"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6531"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6531"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}