{"id":22876,"date":"2025-10-20T10:58:32","date_gmt":"2025-10-20T03:58:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/?p=22876"},"modified":"2025-10-24T07:42:41","modified_gmt":"2025-10-24T00:42:41","slug":"hieu-ve-quan-ly-bo-nho-tren-cac-nen-tang-phan-cung-nhat-quan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/ai-hpc\/hieu-ve-quan-ly-bo-nho-tren-cac-nen-tang-phan-cung-nhat-quan-p22876\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb tr\u00ean c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n &#8211; Hardware-coherent"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>.iblink{color:#975!important;}.iblink:hover{color:orange!important;}<\/style><p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cluster, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac truy c\u1eadp b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u1ea1ng &#8211;\u00a0Non-uniform Memory Access (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Non-uniform_memory_access\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"follow noopener\" data-wpel-link=\"external\">NUMA<\/a>) &#8211; c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. Khi m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 NUMA, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n<p>Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, NVIDIA \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t &#8211;\u00a0Coherent Driver-based Memory Management (CDMM) &#8211; cho tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n (driver) ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng (hardware-coherent), ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 GH200, GB200 v\u00e0 GB300. CDMM cho ph\u00e9p tr\u00ecnh driver NVIDIA, thay v\u00ec h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb GPU. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng gian b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 khai th\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1i \u0111a.<\/p>\n<p>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa NUMA v\u00e0 CDMM, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o th\u00eam\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/nvda.ws\/4nDHMTt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"follow noopener\" data-wpel-link=\"external\">b\u00e0i b\u00e1o c\u00e1o chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u<\/a>\u00a0v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin.<\/p>\n<h2>NUMA l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n<p>NUMA mode l\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i cho c\u00e1c driver c\u1ee7a NVIDIA tr\u00ean c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng hardware coherent. NUMA cung c\u1ea5p to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb CPU (m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7) v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb GPU (thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb) cho h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh. C\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c API Linux ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0 malloc v\u00e0 mmap, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 API CUDA, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 CPU v\u00e0 GPU. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 di chuy\u1ec3n b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1eefa CPU v\u00e0 GPU th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c API \u1edf kh\u00f4ng gian ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, ho\u1eb7c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1edfi kernel \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc l\u00e0 NUMA mode s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb GPU \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb chung, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00f4 l\u1eadp nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb GPU kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng chung c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. Trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a NUMA, b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e0n sang GPU, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao NVIDIA cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/nvda.ws\/4nDHMTt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"follow noopener\" data-wpel-link=\"external\">Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n (CDMM).<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n<p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng NVIDIA &#8211; bao g\u1ed3m GH200, GB200 v\u00e0 GB300 &#8211; c\u00f3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nvidia.com\/en-us\/data-center\/nvlink-c2c\/\" data-wpel-link=\"internal\">NVLink chip-to-chip (C2C)<\/a>\u00a0tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa CPU v\u00e0 GPU. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i PCIe: b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng. N\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ea3 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb CPU v\u00e0 GPU \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy c\u1eadp tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t trong hai b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a NUMA. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb GPU cho c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 file caching ho\u1eb7c tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng\u00a0out-of-memory (OOM) t\u1eeb y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a cho m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3u b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb CPU v\u00e0 GPU c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 (nh\u01b0 Kubernetes), nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n<p>Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 CDMM m\u1edbi s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u1eefu \u00edch cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 Kubernetes.<\/p>\n<h2>NUMA t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn Kubernetes nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<\/h2>\n<p>V\u00ec Kubernetes l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m GPU l\u1edbn, n\u00ean c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra khi ch\u1ea1y Kubernetes \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 NUMA. Nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>B\u00e1o c\u00e1o qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb:<\/strong>\u00a0Kubernetes s\u1ebd ghi nh\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb GPU v\u00e0o s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c pod y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra l\u1ed7i OOM.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb pod \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb GPU, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng:\u00a0<\/strong>Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb pod c\u1ee7a Kubernetes, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cho c\u1ea3 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 GPU khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 b\u1edfi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, v\u00ec m\u1ed7i GPU \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng m\u1ed9t n\u00fat NUMA. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y vi ph\u1ea1m h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng API Pod spec d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u00f4 l\u1eadp b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb GPU gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c pod:<\/strong>\u00a0Theo m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00e1c pod Kubernetes c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb tr\u00ean c\u00e1c node NUMA, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb GPU. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c container ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb tr\u00ean c\u00e1c GPU m\u00e0 ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp, ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 t\u00ednh c\u00f4 l\u1eadp.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>V\u00ec nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i khuy\u00ean b\u1ea1n n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 CDMM khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Kubernetes.<\/p>\n<h2>CDMM l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n<p>CDMM l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng thay th\u1ebf tr\u00ean tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a NVIDIA, ng\u0103n b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb GPU b\u1ecb h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh khai th\u00e1c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t node NUMA ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb NVIDIA tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb GPU, t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t n\u00f3 kh\u1ecfi b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a CPU. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh GPU g\u1eafn PCIe, trong \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb GPU t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p>\u1ede ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 CDMM, b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb CPU \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1edfi Linux kernel v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb GPU \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1edfi tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n NVIDIA. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n NVIDIA, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb GPU v\u00e0 c\u00f3 to\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb GPU, do \u0111\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<h2>CDMM \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n CUDA nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<\/h2>\n<p>T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a CDMM n\u1eb1m \u1edf vi\u1ec7c di chuy\u1ec3n b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Trong tri\u1ec3n khai CDMM hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di chuy\u1ec3n sang GPU. GPU v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qua li\u00ean k\u1ebft C2C, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c trang b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di chuy\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5, khi m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng g\u1ee3i \u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch di chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c h\u00e0m nh\u01b0\u00a0cudaMemPrefetchAsync(),\u00a0cudaMemPrefetchBatchAsync(),\u00a0cudaMemDiscardAndPrefetchBatchAsync(), v\u00e0\u00a0cudaMemAdvise(SetPreferredLocation), th\u00ec c\u00e1c trang s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng di chuy\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<h2>CDMM \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<\/h2>\n<p>Khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 CDMM, v\u1eabn s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u00e1c node NUMA t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi GPU, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb n\u00e0o cho h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nh\u01b0\u00a0numactl ho\u1eb7c\u00a0mbind s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng g\u00ec khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb GPU. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb KH\u00d4NG s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 CDMM cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb GPU n\u00e0o. Ch\u00fang v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p>CDMM hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh cho c\u00e1c tri\u1ec3n khai\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.nvidia.com\/datacenter\/cloud-native\/gpu-operator\/latest\/index.html\" data-wpel-link=\"internal\">GPU<\/a>\u00a0d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean Kubernetes b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n Linux 580.65.06 tr\u1edf l\u00ean. \u0110\u1ec3 b\u1eadt CDMM, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n truy\u1ec1n tham s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a kernel module khi tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i. \u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft l\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 c\u00fa ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eadt ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 CDMM, vui l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ecdc th\u00eam\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/nvda.ws\/4nDHMTt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"follow noopener\" data-wpel-link=\"external\">CDMM whitepaper<\/a>\u00a0.<\/p>\n<h2>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng CDMM v\u00e0 NUMA<\/h2>\n<p>Ph\u1ea7n sau \u0111\u00e2y n\u00eau b\u1eadt nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 CDMM v\u00e0 NUMA, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00ean c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y hay ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 kia.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 NUMA:<\/strong>\u00a0T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng API NUMA c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1ed5ng b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh (b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb CPU + b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb GPU).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 CDMM:<\/strong>\u00a0L\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb GPU tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, b\u1ecf qua h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Memory Pooling<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 NUMA:<\/strong>\u00a0Cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb GPU v\u00e0 CPU t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. t\u1ea3i x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 CDMM:<\/strong>\u00a0Do tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, ng\u0103n h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb GPU trong m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. B\u1ed9 nh\u1edb GPU \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho GPU.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb GPU: kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 NUMA:<\/strong>\u00a0C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o m\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb GPU trong nh\u00f3m t\u00edch h\u1ee3p, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ecdc theo NUMA, do \u0111\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 xem t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 CDMM:<\/strong>\u00a0Cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb GPU. B\u1ed9 nh\u1edb GPU do tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd gi\u00fap qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>B\u1ea3ng t\u00f3m t\u1eaft<\/h2>\n<p>B\u1ea3ng sau \u0111\u00e2y n\u00eau b\u1eadt nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb gi\u1eefa ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 NUMA v\u00e0 CDMM.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><strong>NUMA<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>CDMM<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb<\/td>\n<td>H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea3 CPU v\u00e0 GPU<\/td>\n<td>H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd CPU, tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n NVIDIA qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd GPU<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb GPU<\/td>\n<td>Ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m chung<\/td>\n<td>Kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Di chuy\u1ec3n b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb<\/td>\n<td>Di chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u1eefa CPU v\u00e0 GPU<\/td>\n<td>B\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng KH\u00d4NG \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di chuy\u1ec3n sang GPU<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><em>B\u1ea3ng 1. T\u00f3m t\u1eaft s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb gi\u1eefa ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 NUMA v\u00e0 CDMM<\/em><\/p>\n<p>B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai CDMM m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng NVIDIA, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho t\u1ea3i x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c b\u1eb1ng GPU.<\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n nh\u01b0 GH200, GB200 ho\u1eb7c GB300, h\u00e3y xem\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/nvda.ws\/4nDHMTt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"follow noopener\" data-wpel-link=\"external\">whitepaper<\/a>. V\u00e0 h\u00e3y c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc b\u1eadt ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 CDMM \u0111\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb GPU, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Kubernetes.<\/p>\n<div>____<br \/><b>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft li\u00ean quan<\/b><\/div>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/?post_type=post&#038;p=23415\">B\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean tr\u1ee3 l\u00fd AI c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n &#8211; so s\u00e1nh chi ti\u1ebft NVIDIA RTX Spark v\u00e0 DGX Spark<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/?post_type=post&#038;p=23395\">\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c AI Agent c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 tr\u00ean NVIDIA DGX Spark (Ollama + OpenClaw)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/?post_type=post&#038;p=23322\">NVIDIA RTX PRO 4500 Blackwell Server Edition: B\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea3y v\u1ecdt t\u1eeb th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 L4 cho h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng AI suy lu\u1eadn hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/?post_type=post&#038;p=23119\">NVIDIA NGC\u2011ready Low\u2011latency Edge AI: Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho Retail, Manufacturing v\u00e0 Smart Cities<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/?post_type=post&#038;p=23110\">So s\u00e1nh s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh AI DGX Spark v\u1edbi c\u00e1c card GPU m\u00e1y tr\u1ea1m chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a NVIDIA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/?post_type=post&#038;p=22969\">T\u1eeb Orin \u0111\u1ebfn Thor: B\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea3y v\u1ecdt ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a NVIDIA JetPack 7.0 v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a robot h\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n l&agrave; nh&agrave; ph&aacute;t tri&#7875;n &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng ho&#7863;c qu&#7843;n tr&#7883; vi&ecirc;n h&#7879; th&#7889;ng cluster, b&#7841;n c&oacute; th&#7875; &#273;&atilde; th&#7845;y c&aacute;ch m&agrave; ki&#7871;n tr&uacute;c truy c&#7853;p b&#7897; nh&#7899; b&#7845;t &#273;&#7891;ng d&#7841;ng &ndash;&nbsp;Non-uniform Memory Access (NUMA) &ndash; c&oacute; th&#7875; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#7871;n hi&#7879;u su&#7845;t h&#7879; th&#7889;ng nh&#432; th&#7871; n&agrave;o. Khi m&#7897;t &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng kh&ocirc;ng ho&agrave;n to&agrave;n&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":22877,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[1362,1314],"class_list":["post-22876","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ai-hpc","tag-dgxspark","tag-nvidia"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb tr\u00ean c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n - Hardware-coherent - Blog | TheGioiMayChu<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/ai-hpc\/hieu-ve-quan-ly-bo-nho-tren-cac-nen-tang-phan-cung-nhat-quan-p22876\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb tr\u00ean c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n - Hardware-coherent - Blog | TheGioiMayChu\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"N&#7871;u b&#7841;n l&agrave; nh&agrave; ph&aacute;t tri&#7875;n &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng ho&#7863;c qu&#7843;n tr&#7883; vi&ecirc;n h&#7879; th&#7889;ng cluster, b&#7841;n c&oacute; th&#7875; &#273;&atilde; th&#7845;y c&aacute;ch m&agrave; ki&#7871;n tr&uacute;c truy c&#7853;p b&#7897; nh&#7899; b&#7845;t &#273;&#7891;ng d&#7841;ng &ndash;&nbsp;Non-uniform Memory Access (NUMA) &ndash; c&oacute; th&#7875; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#7871;n hi&#7879;u su&#7845;t h&#7879; th&#7889;ng nh&#432; th&#7871; n&agrave;o. 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nh&agrave; ph&aacute;t tri&#7875;n &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng ho&#7863;c qu&#7843;n tr&#7883; vi&ecirc;n h&#7879; th&#7889;ng cluster, b&#7841;n c&oacute; th&#7875; &#273;&atilde; th&#7845;y c&aacute;ch m&agrave; ki&#7871;n tr&uacute;c truy c&#7853;p b&#7897; nh&#7899; b&#7845;t &#273;&#7891;ng d&#7841;ng &ndash;&nbsp;Non-uniform Memory Access (NUMA) &ndash; c&oacute; th&#7875; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#7871;n hi&#7879;u su&#7845;t h&#7879; th&#7889;ng nh&#432; th&#7871; n&agrave;o. Khi m&#7897;t &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng kh&ocirc;ng ho&agrave;n to&agrave;n...","twitter_image":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/TheGioiMayChu-Blog-Hardware-Coherent.jpg","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Vanito Hoang","Est. reading time":"13 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/ai-hpc\/hieu-ve-quan-ly-bo-nho-tren-cac-nen-tang-phan-cung-nhat-quan-p22876\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/ai-hpc\/hieu-ve-quan-ly-bo-nho-tren-cac-nen-tang-phan-cung-nhat-quan-p22876\/"},"author":{"name":"Vanito Hoang","@id":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/feccec179330cfebfaa805639a357d18"},"headline":"C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb tr\u00ean c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n &#8211; Hardware-coherent","datePublished":"2025-10-20T03:58:32+00:00","dateModified":"2025-10-24T00:42:41+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/ai-hpc\/hieu-ve-quan-ly-bo-nho-tren-cac-nen-tang-phan-cung-nhat-quan-p22876\/"},"wordCount":2695,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/ai-hpc\/hieu-ve-quan-ly-bo-nho-tren-cac-nen-tang-phan-cung-nhat-quan-p22876\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/TheGioiMayChu-Blog-Hardware-Coherent.jpg","keywords":["dgxspark","NVIDIA"],"articleSection":["AI - HPC"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/ai-hpc\/hieu-ve-quan-ly-bo-nho-tren-cac-nen-tang-phan-cung-nhat-quan-p22876\/","url":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/ai-hpc\/hieu-ve-quan-ly-bo-nho-tren-cac-nen-tang-phan-cung-nhat-quan-p22876\/","name":"C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb tr\u00ean c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n - Hardware-coherent - Blog | TheGioiMayChu","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/ai-hpc\/hieu-ve-quan-ly-bo-nho-tren-cac-nen-tang-phan-cung-nhat-quan-p22876\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/ai-hpc\/hieu-ve-quan-ly-bo-nho-tren-cac-nen-tang-phan-cung-nhat-quan-p22876\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/TheGioiMayChu-Blog-Hardware-Coherent.jpg","datePublished":"2025-10-20T03:58:32+00:00","dateModified":"2025-10-24T00:42:41+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/ai-hpc\/hieu-ve-quan-ly-bo-nho-tren-cac-nen-tang-phan-cung-nhat-quan-p22876\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/ai-hpc\/hieu-ve-quan-ly-bo-nho-tren-cac-nen-tang-phan-cung-nhat-quan-p22876\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/ai-hpc\/hieu-ve-quan-ly-bo-nho-tren-cac-nen-tang-phan-cung-nhat-quan-p22876\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/TheGioiMayChu-Blog-Hardware-Coherent.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/TheGioiMayChu-Blog-Hardware-Coherent.jpg","width":1130,"height":636},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/ai-hpc\/hieu-ve-quan-ly-bo-nho-tren-cac-nen-tang-phan-cung-nhat-quan-p22876\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Trang ch\u1ee7","item":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"AI - HPC","item":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/.\/ai-hpc\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb tr\u00ean c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n &#8211; 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