{"id":1930,"date":"2019-07-08T07:23:00","date_gmt":"2019-07-08T07:23:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/?p=1930"},"modified":"2019-07-08T07:34:05","modified_gmt":"2019-07-08T07:34:05","slug":"tong-quan-ve-giai-phap-xu-ly-du-lieu-duoc-tang-toc-bang-phan-cung","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/tong-hop\/tong-quan-ve-giai-phap-xu-ly-du-lieu-duoc-tang-toc-bang-phan-cung-p1930\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>.iblink{color:#975!important;}.iblink:hover{color:orange!important;}<\/style><section>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><span class=\"\">T\u0103ng t\u1ed1c b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi m\u1ebb v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed l\u00e2u d\u00e0i.\u00a0<\/span>H\u1ed3i c\u00f2n \u0111i h\u1ecdc, cha t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 trang b\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng 286 12MHz c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1edbi\u00a0coprocessor (b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u1eed l\u00fd, b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd ph\u1ee5) c\u00f3 80287 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb\u00a0FPU (Floating Point Unit), ch\u1ea1y \u1edf m\u1ee9c 4,7 MHz.<\/p>\n<figure>\n<div>\n<figure style=\"width: 561px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/-000\/\/1\/0*VcCV9sG3jJjwSI-z.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"561\" height=\"342\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Con chip n\u00e0y t\u1eebng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t &#8220;m\u00e3nh th\u00fa&#8221;.\u00a0N\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap cho Lotus 1-2-3 ch\u1ea1y tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi!<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u sau, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb x\u1eed l\u00fd FPU n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o CPU, gi\u1ea3m nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc.\u00a0Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i l\u00e2u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn GPU m\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ea1n \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y?\u00a0DSP trong \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n?\u00a0Card \u00e2m thanh?\u00a0Ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 c\u00e1c coprocessor, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u00fd do ch\u00fang v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i\u00a0xung quanh ch\u00fang ta ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tgmcad hor\" style=\"text-align:center;margin:30px 0; padding: 10px 0; border-radius:5px; border-top:solid 1px #ccc; border-bottom:solid 1px #ccc; \">\r\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/giai-phap\/deep-learning\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng Deep Learning, Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 Nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o - AI\" src=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/tgmc-deep-learning.jpg\" \/><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<h1 data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">CPU c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9<\/h1>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3! M\u1eabu b\u00e1n d\u1eabn cho ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac Intel x86 (th\u1eeba k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac 8086 v\u00e0 80286) th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.\u00a0Th\u00eam c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0o ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac x86 s\u1ebd ch\u1eb3ng \u0111em l\u1ea1i th\u00eam l\u1ee3i \u00edch g\u00ec, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eetimes.com\/document.asp?doc_id=1333109\">\u1edf m\u1ee9c m\u00e0 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5i<\/a>\u00a0theo Rick Merrit c\u1ee7a EETimes.<\/p>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, GlobalFoundries, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t chip silicon l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.anandtech.com\/show\/13277\/globalfoundries-stops-all-7nm-development\">t\u1eeb b\u1ecf k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho chip 7nm<\/a>\u00a0.\u00a0N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n<figure>\n<div>\n<figure style=\"width: 700px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/-000\/\/1\/0*YEgoGEVemkNXa2__.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"457\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Intel Haswell-EP Xeon E5 2626 V3 Processor<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><figcaption data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">T\u1ea1i sao \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1?\u00a0M\u1ed7i core c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd trong ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac x86 l\u00e0m r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 kh\u00e1c nhau, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean t\u1ef1 m\u00e3n.\u00a0Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c vi\u1ebft ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m t\u1ed3i &#8211; b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ch\u1ea1y nhanh!<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, Intel \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 2000.\u00a0H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng k\u1ebft th\u00fac ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac x86 b\u1eb1ng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Itanium, m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n 64bit.\u00a0Tuy nhi\u00ean, AMD \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd x86 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng 64bit, c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a Intel.\u00a0V\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t m\u1edb h\u1ed7n \u0111\u1ed9n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<h2 data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng sang multi-core<\/h2>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">C\u00e1ch duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb oomph h\u01a1n t\u1eeb CPU l\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ch\u00fang ra.\u00a0\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c CPU ng\u00e0y nay h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u core.\u00a0Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 t\u1eeb 2 \u0111\u1ebfn 28 core cho c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 cao c\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 d\u00f2ng Intel Xeon.<\/p>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng pipeline v\u00e0 vector h\u00f3a th\u00f4ng minh, b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac x86 cho ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1 t\u1ed1t c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed thu nh\u1ecf.\u00a0M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y theo nh\u00f3m v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 g\u00ec, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00fang x\u1ea3y ra.\u00a0Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y &#8211; nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">C\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac kh\u00e1c th\u1eadt ra v\u1eabn \u0111ang t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i.\u00a0ARM, m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, t\u1eeb b\u1ed9 s\u1ea1c pin cho \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 chi\u1ebfc xe h\u01a1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n &#8211; c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh r\u00fat g\u1ecdn, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer).<\/p>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">IBM \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng RISC.\u00a0B\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd RISC c\u00f3 c\u00e1c core \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c core CPU ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n.\u00a0Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 multi-core v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i vi x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i th\u00ec x86 v\u1eabn s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m ti\u1ebfp.\u00a0C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 10, 15 n\u0103m n\u1eefa, nh\u01b0ng x86 s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec Intel \u0111ang l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p x\u1eed l\u00fd song song, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ecdc C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 ISPC, v\u1ec1 Tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch Intel SPMD: <a href=\"https:\/\/pharr.org\/matt\/blog\/2018\/04\/18\/ispc-origins.html\">https:\/\/pharr.org\/matt\/blog\/2018\/04\/18\/ispc-origins.html<\/a><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<hr \/>\n<section>\n<div>\n<h1 data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">V\u00e0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd l\u00e0 GPU v\u00e0 GPGPU<\/h1>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Graphic Processing Unit (GPU &#8211; \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda) th\u1ef1c ra c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1edbi m\u1ebb g\u00ec.\u00a0Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.dk\/books?id=2j4hTAqxJ_sC&amp;pg=PA169&amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false\">\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00edt nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb \u200b\u200bn\u0103m 1986<\/a>\u00a0, nh\u01b0ng t\u1eebng c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1eadp trung tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda.\u00a0Chi\u1ebfc card \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a NVIDIA \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1i t\u00ean &#8220;GPU&#8221; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 card GeForce 256, ra m\u1eaft n\u0103m 1999. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1edbi General Purpose GPU (GPGPU) th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 2007, khi NVIDIA v\u00e0 ATI (nay l\u00e0 AMD) b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u trang b\u1ecb card \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda 3D c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1edbi n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c x\u1eed l\u00fd ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng cao, VD nh\u01b0 Unified Pixel Shader.\u00a0C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p to\u00e1n nh\u01b0 nh\u00e2n ma tr\u1eadn, Fast Fourier Transform, ph\u00e9p chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i s\u00f3ng,&#8230;<\/p>\n<figure>\n<div>\n<figure style=\"width: 700px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/-000\/\/1\/1*Fz2R-L_79w2-pVFsU0vCfA.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"278\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">NVIDIA Tesla C870 v\u1edbi 128 nh\u00e2n CUDA<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh m\u1edbi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh.\u00a0V\u00ec v\u1eady, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2008, Apple \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n OpenCL.\u00a0\u0110\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 2009, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c AMD, IBM, Qualcom, Intel v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 NVIDIA ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn.\u00a0AMD quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 OpenCL r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, thay v\u00ec b\u1ed9 framework &#8220;Close to Metal&#8221; c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n<figure>\n<div>\n<figure style=\"width: 700px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/-000\/\/1\/0*v1R_xOHPWhT5CjN9.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"392\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Radeon Pro V340 c\u1ee7a AMD, v\u1edbi b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb 512GB\/gi\u00e2y.\u00a0Ngu\u1ed3n: AMD<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><figcaption data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><\/figcaption>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 NVIDIA \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 v\u1eabn h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 OpenCL, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb b\u1ecf framework ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 CUDA.\u00a0Ng\u00e0y nay, CUDA l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf cho \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n GPU hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao, th\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao.\u00a0V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m cho ph\u00e9p truy c\u1eadp tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o t\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh \u1ea3o c\u1ee7a GPU v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n t\u00ednh to\u00e1n song song, \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<figure>\n<div>\n<figure style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/-000\/\/1\/1*Jrtim8A-ZAzsujg1sNOK3A.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"553\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">GPU NVIDIA m\u1edbi h\u01a1n c\u00f3 t\u1edbi 5.760 nh\u00e2n CUDA<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><figcaption data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">V\u1edbi 256 core trong n\u0103m 2009 v\u00e0 l\u00ean t\u1edbi 5.760 core trong ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t GPU hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 th\u1eadt d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u t\u1ea1i sao GPU l\u1ea1i h\u1eefu \u00edch cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 song song cao.\u00a0Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 song song &#8211; GPU c\u00f3 b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb c\u1ef1c l\u1edbn, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi th\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h2 data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">T\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng thay th\u1ebf CPU b\u1eb1ng GPU?<\/h2>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi GPU.\u00a0GPU ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu h\u1eefu \u00edch n\u1ebfu:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"\">\n<li data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">C\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i<\/li>\n<li data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">C\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp (kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nhau)<\/li>\n<li data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">C\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1eb7ng v\u1ec1 x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u00ednh to\u00e1n thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">GPU \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u00fa v\u1ecb ngo\u00e0i l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda (v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n \u1ea3o &#8211; crypto currency).\u00a0Ng\u00e0y nay, GPU \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u trong c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.\u00a0Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u &#8211; data processing pipeline, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y xem ba trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh m\u00e0 GPU c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 trong data processing pipeline:<\/p>\n<h2 data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">GPU \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd lu\u1ed3ng (Stream)<\/h2>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">C\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd lu\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi, nh\u01b0\u00a0C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 Plasma c\u1ee7a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fastdata.io\/\">FASTDATA.io<\/a>\u00a0. Hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng GPU \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u lu\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o v\u00e0 ra kh\u1ecfi c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (c\u00f3 GPU ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng).\u00a0C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 \/ ho\u1eb7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1t tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn tr\u00ean GPU.<\/p>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u0110\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ea1nh tranh ch\u00ednh v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a FASTDATA l\u00e0\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/IBMSparkGPU\/SparkGPU\">Spark h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 GPU<\/a>,\u00a0 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec7n \u00edch add-on ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf t\u1eeb IBM.<\/p>\n<h2 data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">GPU Database cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch<\/h2>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c GPU Database \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch.<\/p>\n<figure>\n<div>\n<figure style=\"width: 700px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/-000\/\/1\/1*DPOOwTXPz64vPqM3mpeT8w.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"398\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">B\u1ea3ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c GPU Database.\u00a0Ngu\u1ed3n:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/mattturck.com\/bigdata2018\/\">B\u1ee9c tranh Big Data 2018<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><figcaption data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><\/figcaption>L\u00fd do x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng GPU Database m\u1edbi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n l\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng database c\u0169, row-based, v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t.<\/figure>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u0110\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1i t\u00ean trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c GPU Database, m\u1ed7i c\u00e1i c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"\">\n<li data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.omnisci.com\/\">OmniSci<\/a>\u00a0(tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 MapD) &#8211; C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u GPU in-memory cho c\u00e1c use-case li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd<\/li>\n<li data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sqream.com\/\">SQream DB<\/a>\u00a0&#8211; GPU data warehouse cho c\u00e1c t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u &#8220;l\u1edbn h\u01a1n RAM&#8221;<\/li>\n<li data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blazingdb.com\/\">BlazedDB<\/a>\u00a0&#8211; C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u GPU d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean Parquet<\/li>\n<li data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kinetica.com\/\">Kinetica<\/a>\u00a0&#8211; C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u GPU in-memory<\/li>\n<li data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><a href=\"http:\/\/heterodb.com\/\">HeteroDB<\/a>\u00a0&#8211; Plugin Postgres, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean UDF \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp nhanh v\u00e0o NVMe<\/li>\n<li data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.brytlyt.com\/\">Brytlyt<\/a>\u00a0&#8211; Plugin Postgres \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n in-memory<\/li>\n<li data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.blazegraph.com\/\">Blazegraph<\/a>\u00a0&#8211; C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ecb<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">GPU cho h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y &#8211; Machine Learning<\/h2>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">H\u1ecdc m\u00e1y c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng r\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac GPU.\u00a0N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u00ec m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 song song cao, v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n nh\u00e2n ma tr\u1eadn.\u00a0M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a l\u00fd do th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n<figure>\n<div>\n<figure style=\"width: 700px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/-000\/\/1\/0*6_cBDYEC94A42BPu.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"372\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">C\u00e1c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed c\u00e1c core c\u1ee7a GPU NVIDIA Tesla V100.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><figcaption data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><\/figcaption>CPU l\u00e0 c\u00e1i m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ec5 (latency-oriented). Latency-oriented c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00fang \u01b0u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n v\u1edbi chu k\u1ef3 xung nh\u1ecbp t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng nano gi\u00e2y (~ 3 t\u1ef7 thao t\u00e1c m\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u).\u00a0Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, GPU c\u00f3 thi\u00ean h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 th\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (throughput-oriented).\u00a0Ch\u00fang s\u1ebd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p to\u00e1n tr\u00ean r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f9ng l\u00fac, \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 xung nh\u1ecbp th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n (~ 1 t\u1ef7 thao t\u00e1c m\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ed1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u).<\/figure>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">GPU hy sinh \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 xung nh\u1ecbp ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao h\u01a1n tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i chu k\u1ef3 xung nh\u1ecbp.<\/p>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u framework h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 GPU cho machine learning:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"\">\n<li data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tensorflow.org\/\">TensorFlow<\/a><\/li>\n<li data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/developer.nvidia.com\/cublas\">CUBLAS<\/a><\/li>\n<li data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><a href=\"http:\/\/caffe.berkeleyvision.org\/\">Caffein<\/a><\/li>\n<li data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><a href=\"http:\/\/deeplearning.net\/software\/theano\/\">Theano<\/a><\/li>\n<li data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/torch\/torch7\">Torch7<\/a><\/li>\n<li data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/developer.nvidia.com\/cudnn\">cuDNN<\/a><\/li>\n<li data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mathworks.com\/discovery\/matlab-gpu.html\">MATLAB<\/a><\/li>\n<li data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mxnet.apache.org\/\">cxxnet \/ mxnet<\/a><\/li>\n<li data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/deeplearning4j.org\/\">Deeplearning4j<\/a><\/li>\n<li data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/keras.io\/\">Keras<\/a><\/li>\n<li data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reference.wolfram.com\/language\/example\/SpeedUpComputationsWithParallelGPUComputing.html\">Mathematica<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">v\u00e0 c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u framework kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr \/>\n<section>\n<h1 data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 GPU &#8211; ASIC, FPGA v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c<\/h1>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 CPU v\u00e0 GPU mang t\u00ednh \u0111a m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thay th\u1ebf kh\u00e1c trong ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/-000\/\/1\/1*9vzNsVrkxrLksDBntyFHnQ.png\" \/><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 CPU v\u00e0 GPU, b\u00e2y gi\u1edd h\u00e3y l\u00e0m r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c GPU v\u00e0 ASIC c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<h2 data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">FPGA<\/h2>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con chip c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng c\u1ef1c cao.\u00a0Ch\u00fang r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1eabu (prototyping) v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng.\u00a0Ch\u00fang ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i logic l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">V\u00ec c\u00e1c FPGAs c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay \u0111\u1ed5i sau khi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i d\u00e0nh cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai.\u00a0Ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao, nh\u01b0ng chi ph\u00ed th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecf &#8211; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang v\u1eabn ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n \u1edf c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea5p th\u1ea5p.\u00a0B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y FPGA trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf, xe h\u01a1i, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng, v.v&#8230;<\/p>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">C\u00e1c FPGAs cung c\u1ea5p b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb cao h\u01a1n, ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n CPU (v\u00e0 GPU), nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n d\u1ea5u ph\u1ea9y \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.\u00a0Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ch\u00fang kh\u00e1 kh\u00f3 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y nh\u01b0 OpenCL cho FPGA \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Trong ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, c\u00e1c FPGAs ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n.\u00a0Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u01b0\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/project\/project-brainwave\/\">D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Brainwave<\/a> c\u1ee7a Microsoft\u00a0,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/swarm64.com\/\">Tr\u00ecnh t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u Swarm64<\/a>\u00a0cho Postgres\u00a0,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.xilinx.com\/products\/boards-and-kits\/alveo\/u250.html\">Tr\u00ecnh t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u Xilinx Alveo<\/a>\u00a0v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u01b0\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ryft.com\/\">Ryft<\/a>\u00a0.\u00a0M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c FPGAs trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u00e0\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ibm.com\/analytics\/netezza\">Netezza c\u1ee7a IBM<\/a>\u00a0, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh FPGA c\u1ee7a Netezza d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u1ecf r\u01a1i.<\/p>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, Netezza \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ibm.com\/products\/integrated-analytics-system\">IBM PureData<\/a>\u00a0v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n FPGA \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c FPGA nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea3i n\u00e9n v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i.\u00a0C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c v\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng CPU.<\/p>\n<figure>\n<div>\n<figure style=\"width: 700px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/-000\/\/1\/0*_hBpka5SQiUBaOoW.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"393\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ngu\u1ed3n:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=xcny1gU0x18\">C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 truy xu\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u IBM RDBMS, BLU, IBM Netezza v\u00e0 Hadoop<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<h2 data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">ASIC<\/h2>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Application-Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC) l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p nhanh nh\u1ea5t cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao, \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 silicon. V\u00ec nh\u1eefng con chip n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f9y bi\u1ebfn cao, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u.<\/p>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">ASIC th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u s\u1ed1 (DSP) &#8211; trong x\u1eed l\u00fd \u00e2m thanh, video encoding, networking c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c.\u00a0C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u00f3 trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y \u1ea3nh, \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2y &#8211; wireless router, v.v&#8230;<\/p>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Do chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian cao \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ASIC t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh, ch\u00fang c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m nh\u1ea5t.\u00a0Ch\u00fang th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn r\u1ebb h\u01a1n n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u trong s\u1ed1 ch\u00fang, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, ch\u00fang r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.\u00a0V\u00ec l\u00fd do \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ho\u1eb7c x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<h2 data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">So s\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5i<\/h2>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00f3m t\u1eaft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang:<\/p>\n<figure>\n<div><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/-000\/\/1\/1*gnkYBIN1qVBdo3CmlMo7BA.png\" \/><\/div><figcaption data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">M\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5i ri\u00eang<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/section>\n<hr \/>\n<section>\n<h1 data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng<\/h1>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c coprocessor \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho m\u1ecdi t\u00e1c v\u1ee5.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"\">\n<li data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a CPU: Gi\u1eef cho c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 code ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/li>\n<li data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Coprocessor:\u00a0Ch\u1ea1y ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh song song th\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao.<\/li>\n<li data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">CPU + Coprocessor:\u00a0T\u0103ng th\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ea1y song song.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac CPU x86 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u00e3i m\u00e3i.\u00a0N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i.\u00a0N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1edbi kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch ng\u01b0\u1ee3c, GPU \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn nhanh h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u.\u00a0C\u00e1c workload c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, thay \u0111\u1ed5i, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 di chuy\u1ec3n r\u1ea5t nhanh.\u00a0GPU v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c b\u1edfi ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c machine learning v\u00e0 data warehousing.<\/p>\n<figure>\n<div>\n<figure style=\"width: 626px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/-000\/\/1\/0*gfT0Aanj_U6tm8He.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"626\" height=\"520\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tesla V100 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i\u00a0NVLink GPU-to-GPU v\u00e0 GPU-to-CPU (Power9).\u00a0Ngu\u1ed3n:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nvidia.com\/en-us\/data-center\/nvlink\/\">NVIDIA<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><figcaption data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><\/figcaption>Ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 GPU v\u00e0 FPGA, nh\u01b0 IBM Power9 v\u1edbi NVLINK v\u00e0 OpenCAPI, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c instance c\u00f3 h\u1ed7 t\u1ee3 GPU v\u00e0 FPGA tr\u00ean Azure v\u00e0 AWS ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u cho th\u1ea5y tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/figure>\n<\/section>\n<hr \/>\n<section>\n<div>\n<h1 data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h1>\n<p data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">T\u00f4i tin r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u01a1 khai, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n, v\u00ec c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn trong ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac CPU ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<div>____<br \/><b>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft li\u00ean quan<\/b><\/div>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/?post_type=post&#038;p=23322\">NVIDIA RTX PRO 4500 Blackwell Server Edition: B\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea3y v\u1ecdt t\u1eeb th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 L4 cho h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng AI suy lu\u1eadn hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/?post_type=post&#038;p=22532\">H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn tri\u1ec3n khai m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 GPU t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 trong c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng m\u00e1y doanh nghi\u1ec7p<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/?post_type=post&#038;p=22501\">NVIDIA ConnectX-8 SuperNIC: \u0110\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng AI v\u1edbi PCIe Gen6<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/?post_type=post&#038;p=22258\">NVIDIA hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng GPU n\u00e0o?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/?post_type=post&#038;p=20284\">H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn GPU ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho AI, Machine Learning<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/?post_type=post&#038;p=21938\">NVIDIA: C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Silicon Photonics v\u00e0 Co-Packaged Optics \u2013 Thay \u0111\u1ed5i cu\u1ed9c ch\u01a1i trong k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean AI v\u00e0 HPC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T&#259;ng t&#7889;c b&#7857;ng ph&#7847;n c&#7913;ng trong l&#297;nh v&#7921;c x&#7917; l&yacute; d&#7919; li&#7879;u kh&ocirc;ng ph&#7843;i l&agrave; &#273;i&#7873;u m&#7899;i m&#7867; v&agrave; &#273;&atilde; c&oacute; m&#7897;t l&#7883;ch s&#7917; l&acirc;u d&agrave;i.&nbsp;H&#7891;i c&ograve;n &#273;i h&#7885;c, cha t&ocirc;i &#273;&atilde; trang b&#7883; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng 286 12MHz c&#7911;a ch&uacute;ng t&ocirc;i v&#7899;i&nbsp;coprocessor (b&#7897; &#273;&#7891;ng x&#7917; l&yacute;, b&#7897; x&#7917; l&yacute; ph&#7909;) c&oacute; 80287 &#273;&#417;n v&#7883;&nbsp;FPU (Floating&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1933,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,44,1],"tags":[191,677,190,671,74],"class_list":["post-1930","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ai-hpc","category-product","category-tong-hop","tag-asic","tag-big-data","tag-fpga","tag-gpu","tag-hpc"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng - Blog | TheGioiMayChu<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/thegioimaychu.vn\/blog\/tong-hop\/tong-quan-ve-giai-phap-xu-ly-du-lieu-duoc-tang-toc-bang-phan-cung-p1930\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng - Blog | TheGioiMayChu\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"T&#259;ng t&#7889;c b&#7857;ng ph&#7847;n c&#7913;ng trong l&#297;nh v&#7921;c x&#7917; l&yacute; d&#7919; li&#7879;u kh&ocirc;ng ph&#7843;i l&agrave; &#273;i&#7873;u m&#7899;i m&#7867; v&agrave; &#273;&atilde; c&oacute; m&#7897;t l&#7883;ch s&#7917; l&acirc;u d&agrave;i.&nbsp;H&#7891;i c&ograve;n &#273;i h&#7885;c, cha t&ocirc;i 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